An individual presenting with amenorrhea may be at risk for which of the following?

Amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation, can lead to several physiological changes that increase the risk of certain health issues. One significant concern is bone health. When menstruation ceases, especially in cases related to low estrogen levels (as often seen in conditions such as amenorrhea due to stress, excessive exercise, or eating disorders), the body may experience decreased bone density over time. This can eventually lead to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by fragile bones and an increased risk of fractures.

Additionally, prolonged amenorrhea can have an impact on cardiovascular health. Low estrogen levels are associated with changes in lipid metabolism, increased body fat, and potential impacts on vascular function. All of these factors can contribute to an increased risk of cardiac damage or heart disease over time.

Choosing the option indicating both cardiac damage and osteoporosis reflects an understanding of these potential risks associated with amenorrhea, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and treating the underlying causes of this menstrual symptom to mitigate long-term health complications.