What is the significance of an increased morning glucose level after an evening insulin increase?

An increased morning glucose level following an evening insulin increase signifies the Somogyi Effect, which occurs when a patient experiences hypoglycemia during the night. In response to this drop in glucose levels, the body releases counterregulatory hormones, such as glucagon and epinephrine, to elevate blood sugar levels. This can result in elevated glucose levels by morning. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for managing insulin therapy effectively, as it indicates that adjustments may be needed in how and when insulin is administered to avoid night-time hypoglycemia and its subsequent rebound effect on morning glucose levels.

Other options may suggest straightforward adjustments, such as increasing insulin or changing diet, but they do not encapsulate the physiological response of the Somogyi Effect, which highlights the complexity of blood glucose regulation in diabetes management.