Which measurement approach is used to assess cognitive decline in elderly patients?

The Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is specifically designed to assess cognitive functioning and identify cognitive decline in elderly patients. This screening tool evaluates various cognitive domains, including orientation, memory, attention, language, and visual-spatial skills. By scoring the responses, healthcare providers can determine the severity of cognitive impairment, making it invaluable in diagnosing conditions like dementia or other forms of cognitive decline in older adults.

In contrast, the Glasgow Coma Scale is focused on assessing a patient's level of consciousness, particularly after a brain injury, rather than evaluating cognition. A neurological examination assesses a broader aspect of the nervous system, including motor and sensory functions, but does not focus specifically on cognitive decline. The Functional Independence Measure is designed to assess an individual's ability to perform daily activities and self-care tasks, which can be influenced by both cognitive and physical capabilities, but again is not exclusively used to evaluate cognitive function. Thus, the MMSE stands out as the most appropriate tool for assessing cognitive decline in the elderly.