Which test is indicated for evaluating a lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury?

The adduction (varus) stress test is specifically designed to evaluate injuries to the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) of the knee. During this test, pressure is applied from the inside of the knee (medially) while the leg is slightly flexed, which stresses the LCL. If the ligament is compromised, there will be increased laxity compared to the uninjured knee, indicating a potential LCL injury.

In contrast, the abduction (valgus) stress test is used to assess the medial collateral ligament (MCL). McMurray's test is mainly employed to detect meniscal tears, and Apley's compression test assesses both meniscus and ligamentous injuries. Therefore, the focus on lateral stress in the context of the varus test makes it the appropriate choice for evaluating LCL injuries.